Comparative analysis of methods for calculating the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ship’s hull

Based on the results of model experiments, this study investigates the potential for their application in mathematical models of a vessel, considering that one of the most critical elements of a ship’s mathematical model is the description of the hydrodynamic force loads acting on the hull during controlled motion. These loads are represented as functions of dimensionless hydrodynamic coefficients dependent on various dimensionless kinematic parameters of the vessel’s motion. In applied research practice, two main calculation approaches are commonly used to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ship’s hull, differing in the specific combination of non-dimensional kinematic parameters: the first uses the drift angle and angular velocity, while the second is based on the transverse component of the ship’s linear velocity and angular velocity. The relationships between the dimensionless hydrodynamic characteristics of the hull and the corresponding kinematic parameters of motion are expressed in polynomial form as products of expansion coefficients — i. e., the first and higher-order partial derivatives with respect to the kinematic parameters — by the corresponding motion variables. Model experiments are performed using the harmonic oscillation method, mainly on planar motion mechanisms (PMM) in experimental towing tanks. The results of these experiments yield the partial derivatives of hydrodynamic coefficients. The study explores the possibility of integrating model test data to develop generalized computational formulas that are independent of the specific kinematic parameters considered. A comparative analysis of several calculation methods for determining non-dimensional hydrodynamic characteristics as functions of various dimensionless kinematic parameters is presented. The adequacy of these methods is verified using full-scale experimental data obtained from ships of different displacements and hull configurations. Simulations of controlled ship motion were carried out using the developed mathematical models, taking into account external environmental factors observed during sea trials.

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