FUEL PHYSICAL PARAMETERS INFLUENCE ON PLUNGER PAIRS WEAR OF HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMPS

When choosing marine fuel, cost rather than quality is often the priority. This is justified by the presence of a fuel-processing system on the ship. Bunkering with low-quality fuel afterwards negatively affects the condition of the fuel equipment. Such equipment includes a high-pressure fuel pump, which is designed for metering fuel and controlling the loading degree of entire diesel engine. According to the statistics, about 75 % of high-pressure fuel pumps become unusable due to wear of the plunger pairs. Therefore, research of their wear causes when operating on heavy fuel is an urgent task. The research results of plunger pair state for marine diesel engines of the Hyundai Himsem H21 / 32 type, which is a four-stroke engine with gas turbine supercharging, effective power of 1860 kW, and used on ships as a drive for diesel generators, are presented in the paper. The reason for a thorough and detailed study was the inability to start a diesel engine after its continuous operation for 2800 hours at an average load of 45 %, followed by its shutdown. The grade of fuel used during this period is RMK 500 (ISO - 2041F 2010/12). For experimental confirmation of wear, high-pressure fuel pumps with new plunger pairs are installed on a diesel engine in sequence through one cylinder, i. e. the odd-numbered cylinders are fitted with pumps with new plunger pairs, the even ones are left worn out. At the same time, an uneven distribution of the exhaust gases temperature is observed over the even and odd cylinders. In addition, analysis of the fuel has showed the increased value of aluminosilicates and mechanical impurities even after separation. In the work it is shown that the presence of impurities in the fuel is the main reason for the destruction of the plunger pairs.

fuel pump, high-pressure pump, plunger pair, wear, abrasive, plunger, fuel, filtration, cleaning, ship industry

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