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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gumrf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Государственного университета морского и речного флота имени адмирала С. О. Макарова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2309-5180</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0551</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Государственный университет морского и речного флота имени адмирала С.О. Макарова»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21821/2309-5180-2023-15-4-633-645</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gumrf-347</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ СУДОСТРОЕНИЯ, СУДОРЕМОНТА И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ СУДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNOLOGY OF SHIPBUILDING, SHIP REPAIR AND ORGANIZATION OF SHIPBUILDING PRODUCTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование структурно-фазовых превращений металла шва и зоны термического влияния при лазерной сварке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of structural-phase transformations of weld metal and in the heat-affected zone during laser welding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарчук</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarchuk</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук198035, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Двинская, 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>5/7 Dvinskaya Str., St. Petersburg, 198035,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mnv_guap@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарчук</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarchuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук198035, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Двинская, 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>5/7 Dvinskaya Str., St. Petersburg, 198035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarchukav@gumrf.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старцев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Startsev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Шпалерная, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD</p><p>49 Shpalernaya Str., St. Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">star1v@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «ГУМРФ имени адмирала С. О. Макарова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИЦ «Курчатовский институт» — ЦНИИ КМ «Прометей»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>NRC “Kurchatov Institute” — CRISM “Prometey”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>633</fpage><lpage>645</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарчук Н.В., Макарчук А.В., Старцев В.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарчук Н.В., Макарчук А.В., Старцев В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarchuk N.V., Makarchuk A.V., Startsev V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.gumrf.ru/jour/article/view/347">https://journal.gumrf.ru/jour/article/view/347</self-uri><abstract><p>Темой исследования являются вопросы формирования микроструктуры металла сварного шва и зоны термического влияния при лазерной сварке. Особое внимание уделяется термическим циклам сварки, проходящим в этих зонах, так как структурно-фазовые превращения металла шва определяются температурно-временными параметрами, которые происходят собственно в зоне шва и в зоне термического влияния. Поскольку термические циклы существенно отличаются по глубине и ширине шва, то и механические свойства соединения будут определяться локальными изменениями структуры металла шва и около-шовной зоны. Разработана математическая модель и исследованы вопросы формирования фазового состава зоны шва и зоны термического влияния при лазерной сварке. На основе численного моделирования тепловых процессов и структурно-фазовых превращений металла шва и зоны термического влияния, сопровождающих лазерную сварку, предлагается метод количественной оценки объемной доли структурно-фазовых составляющих металла шва и зоны термического влияния. Предложенный алгоритм расчета позволяет избежать решения уравнения для определения объемной доли структурно-фазовых составляющих металла на каждом шаге вычислений. Экспериментальные исследования подтвердили, что предлагаемый подход к проблеме количественной оценки объемной доли структурнофазовых составляющих металла шва и зоны термического влияния позволяет прогнозировать соотношение фаз в различных точках лазерного сварного соединения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of laser equipment is one of the promising ways to create innovative and highly efficient technologies in the production of ship structures. The main advantages of using laser technologies in the production of marine equipment are increased productivity by increasing the speed and reducing the number of welding passes, improving the quality of welded joints due to the accuracy of the assembly of structures and the level of automation, reducing the level of residual stresses, warping and leash due to significant localization of the heating and penetration zone compared with arc welding technologies, a significant reduction in the consumption of welding materials or their complete exclusion due to the smaller dimensions of the geometry of the cutting edges and the width of the assembly gaps. The mechanical properties of the welded joint are determined by the composition of the steel and its structure. The structural-phase transformations of the weld metal are determined by the temperature-time parameters that occur in the seam zone itself and in the heat-affected zone. Laser welded joints are formed under conditions in which thermal cycles differ significantly in depth and width of the weld, so the mechanical properties of the joint are determined by local changes in the structure of the seam metal and heat-affected zone. The issues of formation of the phase composition of the seam zone and heat-affected zone during laser welding are examined in the paper. On the basis of numerical modeling of thermal processes and structural-phase transformations of weld metal and heat-affected zone accompanying laser welding, a method for quantifying the volume fraction of structural-phase components of weld metal and heat-affected zone is proposed. The proposed calculation algorithm avoids solving the equation for the amount of the volume fraction of the structural-phase components of the metal at each step of the calculations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>лазерная сварка</kwd><kwd>термический цикл</kwd><kwd>зона термического влияния</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>laser welding</kwd><kwd>thermal cycle</kwd><kwd>heat-affected zone</kwd><kwd>weld microstructure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shipbuilding companies see the future in lasers [Электронный ресурс]. — Режим доступа: http://www.inngulaser.net/a/NEWS_CENTER/Industry_News/131.html (дата обращения: 05.06.2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shipbuilding companies see the future in lasers. 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